GSM ► Engineering Materials ► Concrete ► Planning & site preparation

Consumption of water
Uses

1. Domestic use
2. Commercial use
3. Public use
4. Loss and waste

Domestic use of water:
Domestic uses of water include the consumption of water for drinking, washing, cooking, toilets, livestock etc. the domestic average use per capita per day is 50 – 90 gallons (70 – 380 liters per capita per day). This use is increasing by 0.5% - 1.0% per year and at this time comprises 50% of all the uses of water.
Commercial and industrial:
This is the amount of water used by the shops, markets, industries, factories etc. It contributes 15 – 24% of total use of water.
Public use:
The public use of water is that one which is used by city halls, jails, hospitals, offices, schools etc. This consumes 9% of total use of water. Its water demand is 50 – 75 liters per capita per day. Fire protection's need of water is also fulfilled by this sector. The fire demand does not greatly affect the average consumption but has a considerable effect on peak rates.
Loss and wastes:
The water which is not intended for specific purpose or use is also called "Un-accounted for". Loss and wastage of water is due to:

1. Errors in measurements
2. Leakages, evaporation or overflow
3. Un-metered uses e.g. fire fighting, main flushing
4. Un-authorized connections

Factors affecting the use of water

• Size of the city
• Industry and commerce
• Climate
• Time of the day
• Day of the week or month